Peter M. D. Hardwicke received his B.S. degree from the University of Sheffield in 1962 and his Ph.D. degree from Kings College, London, in 1969. He joined the faculty at SIUC in 1985.
phone: (618) 453-6469
email: phardwicke@siumed.edu
Muscle contraction and relaxation are controlled by the concentration of calcium ions within the muscle cell. Force generation in muscle is due to interaction between the proteins actin and myosin. I am studying calcium ion transport across muscle membranes, and the properties of actin and myosin using material from the cross striated adductor muscle of the scallop. I am especially interested in the protein (the calcium pump) which actually translocates the calcium ions from the cytoplasm of the muscle cell into an intracellular reservoir, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) which can both take up and release calcium ions. The molecular mechanisms for these events are at present unknown.
It is possible to prepare the SR from the scallop muscle in a form where the calcium pump protein molecules in the membrane are arranged in a highly ordered fashion, while retaining their enzymatic activity. I am using spectroscopic and electron microscope methods as well as general protein chemistry to detect changes in the organization of the protein of the membrane associated with the pumping of calcium ions. Recent developments include: the purification of a 400 kDa protein from the sarcolemma (plasma membrane) of the scallop muscle cell that may be the ryanodine-type Ca2+ release channel for that tissue; isolation of a small (7 kDa) proteolipid with a very unusual non-amino acid chromophore, also from the sarcolemma; and the raising of antibody against a 28 kDa integral membrane protein which is the major protein of the sarcolemma. We hope to be able to study the proteolipid in detail, making use of a phagemid cDNA library for the scallop.
Chen, M., Z. Zhang, M. -A. Tawiah-Boateng, and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 2000. A Ca2+-dependent tryptic cleavage site and a protein kinase A phosphorylation site are present in the Ca2+ regulatory domain of scallop muscle Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. J. Biol. Chem. 275:22961-22968.
Hardwicke, P. M. D., C. Ryan, and V. N. Kalabokis. 1999. A novel small protein associated with a conjugated trienoic chromophore from membranes of scallop adductor muscle. Phosphorylation by protein kinase A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1417:1-8.
Shi, X., M. Chen, P. E. Huvos, and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 1998. Amino acid sequence of a Ca2+-transporting ATPase from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the cross-striated part of the adductor muscle of the deep sea scallop: comparison to SERCA enzymes of other animals. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part B 120:359-374.
Kwon, H., P. M. D. Hardwicke, J. H. Collins, X. Zhao, and A. G. Szent-Gyorgyi. 1994. Myosin filament ATPase is enhanced by intramolecularly crosslinked actin. J. Musc. Res. Cell Motil. 15:555-562.
Crawford, C. L., and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 1993. Subplasmalemmal linear densities in mononuclear cells induced by an antigen in human sensory peripheral nerve. J. Anat. 182:129.
Kalabokis, V. N., M. M. Santoro, and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 1993. Effect of Na+ and nucleotide on the stability of solubilized Ca2+-free Ca-ATPase from scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochemistry 32:4389-4396.
Kalabokis, V. N., and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 1993. Effect of the biochemical state of the Ca-ATPase protein of scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum on its interaction with trans-parinaric acid. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1147:35-41.
Kalabokis, V. N., J. J. Bozzola, L. Castellani, and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 1991. A possible role for the dimer ribbon state of scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 266:22044-22050.
Crawford, C. L., C. Linnington, P. M. D. Hardwicke, and P. Debbage. 1989. Skin lesions with dermal nerve damage in strain 13 guinea pigs induced by a human non-myelin antigen in dorsal roots. J. Anat. 164:246.
Hardwicke, P. M. D., and P. E. Huvos. 1989. Effect of K+ on the thiol reactivity and tryptic cleavage pattern of scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Musc. Res. Cell Motil. 10:229-244.
Hardwicke, P. M. D., and J. J. Bozzola. 1989. Effect of phosphorylation on scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 10:245-253.
Castellani, L., P. M. D. Hardwicke, and C. Franzini-Armstrong. 1989. Effect of Ca2+ on the dimeric structure of scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Cell. Biol. 108:511-520.
Kalabokis, V., and P. M. D. Hardwicke. 1988. Variation of scallop sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity with temperature. J. Biol. Chem. 263:15184-15188.
Hardwicke, P. M. D., and P. E. Huvos. 1988. A hydrophobic region on myosin light chains modulated by divalent cations. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 957:352-358.
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