Perspectives: Research and Creative Activities at Southern Illinois University Carbondale is published twice a year, in spring and fall, by the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Dean / Office of Research Development and Administration (ORDA), Woody Hall C-206, Mail Code 4709, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 900 S. Normal St., Carbondale IL, 62901. Requests for print subscriptions, back issues, or permission to reprint articles: contact the editor at that address or at (618) 453-4540.